不同种源翅荚木的抗寒性

以5个种源的翅荚木叶为材料,采用叶片离析法和石蜡制片技术观测叶片结构特征、电导率法测定其半致死温度、差示热量扫描仪测定其过冷点温度,并结合田间试验分析不同种源翅荚木苗期的抗寒性及其与叶片结构的关系.结果表明:湖南通道翅荚木种源抗寒性最强,苗期在湖南株洲无冻害,在浙江丽水冻害率为4.83%,极显著低于其他种源;其叶片半致死温度为-5.34 ℃,过冷点温度为-15.04 ℃,均低于广东翁源和广西忻城种源. 不同种源翅荚木叶片细胞结构紧密度(CTR)和疏松度(SR)与种源的抗寒性有一定的关系,CTR值越大、SR值越小,种源的抗寒性越强.     

南洋楹种源家系试验

对21个南洋楹种源/家系进行试验.结果表明:参试种源/家系4.5年生的保存率、生长性状以及形质性状存在显著或极显著差异;通过多性状综合评价,选择出具有较高生长量、较优形质性状和较强适应性的优良种源/家系7个,分别是C9、M15、P10、P6、P2、C1和C6,其中C9、M15表现最佳,4.5年生平均树高、胸径和材积分别为13.03 m、13.05 cm和0.090 79 m3,分别比对照高出13.90%、9.02%和12.80%,比对照树种马占相思高出26.63%、10.41%和74.92%.     

尾叶桉实生种子园遗传分析与育种值的估算Ⅰ.逆向选择方式建立种子园

对3年生尾叶桉实生种子园建园家系的生长性状、干形和枝冠形质性状及开花结实率的遗传分析表明:随林龄的递增,生长性状、干形和枝冠形质性状的遗传力在种源、家系和单株三层次逐渐变小并有稳定的趋势,且种源遗传力>家系遗传力>单株遗传力。利用BLUP方法估算家系和家系内个体育种值,并对建园家系、个体进行筛选,为种子园的遗传间伐提供依据。经遗传分析表明:尾叶桉SSObs种子园的遗传遵循加性 显性基因型遗传模式。从2个对照良种与建园家系的比较结果看,在SSObs种子园中,材积生长量大于CK1、CK2的优系有38个和39个,分别占建园家系总数的84.4%和86.7%;干形指标大于CK1、CK2的优系有30个和35个,占建园家系总数的66.7%和77.8%,表明建园的绝大多数家系其遗传品质是理想的。     

杉木种源选择决策新模型

在杉木育种过程中,选出优良的种源是实现杉木"速生、丰产、优质"的关键性问题。针对目前杉木种源选优方法所存在的缺陷,提出运用一种简单易行的方法———系统指数模型法来解决杉木种源的选优问题,从而为杉木种源选择的科学决策提供依据。     

不同种源西南桦在云南景东的生长差异

从西南桦分布区内选择的13个种源在南亚热带山地进行筛选试验的结果表明:不同种源在生长、产量、形态 特征上都有很大差异。以胸径、树高、材积和干形等为指标,用坐标综合评定方法对13个不同种源进行综合评定, 结果表明:潞西、屏边和镇源3个种源生长和形态等各种特征都比其它种源好,位列前3名,是当地适生的好种源; 西马、龙陵和百色种源表现较好,属可利用种源;腾冲和西莲种源表现差,不好利用;平果、凭祥、靖西、景洪和田林5 种源表现一般,最好不发展。     

闽南山地桉树种/种源选择试验研究

闽南山地引种的19个不同桉树种／种源对比试验研究表明，尾巨桉、巨尾桉及广西尾叶桉属高产型树种，年平均蓄积生长量达35．3－53．3m^.hm^-2，其山地造林后表现适应性强、树干圆满通直、林木分化程度低，林相整齐、生产力高、经示范推广收效显著，是闽南山地短周期工业原 造林的首选树种，值得大力推广引种。     

Introduction of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir to Argentina

Patterns of shoot elongation of 2-yr seedlings from native North American populations of ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir were compared to those of Argentine land races originating from unknown provenances. The comparisons were conducted in Moscow, Idaho (USA), and suggested that the ponderosa pine land race was descended from a California provenance at low or middle elevations but that the growth potential of the land race was only mediocre in comparison to eight native populations. The Douglas-fir land race exhibited a relatively high growth potential in comparison to 19 native provenances and undoubtedly originated from a mild coastal environment. The results provide concrete recommendations for upgrading the growth potential of the Argentine land races by importing germ plasm of specific provenances.     

长白落叶松地理变异与种源区的划分

通过长白落叶松种源试验的结果,揭示了长白落叶松的地理变异规律与模式。主要特点是:呈现纬向为主,经向为辅,经纬双重正向的渐变模式。影响长白落叶松地理变异的主导气候因子是温度,其次为水份。利用长白落叶松种源生长与其环境因子线性相关显著的性状,采用主分量分析方法,将长白落叶松划分成四大种源区,即白刀山种源区(编号Ⅰ)、小北湖种源区(编号Ⅱ)大石头种源区编号(Ⅲ)、和白河种源区(编号Ⅳ)。     

桉属树种与种源、家系比较试验

以９个桉属树种，其中８个种泊来自原产地，７个家系和７个杂种后代来自国内次生资源进行混合比较，５年生评价结果表明：树种、种源、家系呈极显著差异；尾叶桉及其两个种源、尾巨桉杂交种细叶桉的１３５４４种源适合本试验区戒严和格短轮伐期经营，可获得适应性和生长指标平均值超过平均水平３５％的选择效应。其中最优为１４５３４号尾叶桉种源，５年生单株材积０．０５０．６１ｍ＾３／株（８９．０３ｍ＾３／ｈｍ＾２）。种子采     

6个栓皮栎种源种子形态及其幼苗生长的比较

[Objective]To compare the differences of seed morphological characters among provinces of Quercus variabilis Bl.,and explore the adaptive growth status of seedlings growing in the central distribution area. [Method]The seeds of 6 Q. variabilis provenances from six provinceswerecollected, and the seedlings were cultivated and transplanted to experimental field in the centre of natural distribution range (Wuhan Jiufeng National Forest Park), then the seed morphology and one-year seedling growth traitswere surveyed. [Result](1)There were significantor extremely significantdifferences among provenances in seed length, seed width, seed length/width ratio and 100-seed mass, the order of seed length among provenances was Beijing Provenance (22.28 mm),Hubei Provenance (22.10 mm), He'nan Provenance (20.80 mm), Shaanxi Provenance (19.57 mm), Yunnan Provenance (18.93 mm)and Liaoning Provenance (18.81 mm), the seed width of Beijing Provenance (19.71 mm) and Hubei Provenance (19.16 mm) was higher than that of the others, the seed length/width ratio of He'nan Provenance (1.38) was extremely significantly higher than that of the others; (2)There were significant or extremely significant differences among provenances in seedling height, ground diameter, leaf number, branching number and seedling height/ground diameter, the Beijing Provenance and Hubei Provenance were better in seedling height and leaf number, which were respectively 19.54 cm and 20.26 cm, 8.32 leaves and 9.50 leaves; (3)A decreasing trend with time for seedling growth traits among provenances was found; (4)There was a positive relationship between seed morphological characters and seedling growth traits except seed length/width ratio; the leaf number was significantly related to ground diameter and branching number and the seedling height and leaf number were closely related to the seed morphological characters; (5)It showed a decreasing trend with the growth time in the relationship between seedling growth traits and 100-seed mass. [Conclusion]The seedlings of Beijing Provenance and Hubei Provenance grew better in the experimental field which might be related to their larger seed mass, and the Yunnan Provenance in the south margin and the Liaoning Provenance in the north margin of distribution area of Q. variabilis grew weaker than the provenances in the centre of distribution area.With the effect of climate change, provenances in the margin of distribution area may lose in the community competition in the seedling stage if it cannot take advantage of its dispersal and settlement and affected by the disadvantage of growth and competition, so that the distribution and population renewal would surely be affected.